课题成果 | 基于美国国会政治文本下的美国对华叙事分析

Studying the narrative of US policy towards China: introducing China-related political texts in Congress

基于美国国会政治文本下的

美国对华叙事分析

发表期刊 | Humanities and Social Sciences Communications

SSCI, IF3.5, Q1（JCR2023）

作者

张艺闻

华东师范大学政治与国际关系学院博士生

王帆（通讯作者）

复旦发展研究院研究员

摘要

美国如何对中国实施脱钩政策是研究中美关系的一个重要议题。本研究通过提取第115–117届美国国会与中国有关的提案，以观察其对涉华议题的看法。研究显示，自从脱钩政策后，美国国会关于中国的相关法案数量激增。尽管进行了政党轮替，法案中却并没有改善对中国的负面看法，并在经济、科技、军事等领域与中国保持竞争态度。值得关注的是，在拜登政府上台后，美国国会更加强调意识形态竞争，并倡议拥有共同价值观的盟友共同努力应对各个领域的“中国威胁”。本研究呈现了政治文本、意识形态和权力之间的三角关系，即政治文本中蕴含着的价值判断和制度导向引导和制约着美国的外交实践，在此背景下，涉华法案不仅是脱钩的具体行动倡议，它可能反映出国会对美国本身的身份认同及对中国的威胁感知，这种价值观的二分法塑造了美国外交中的“本我”与“他者”，也决定了其采取的对华竞争模式。

*本文为复旦大学中美友好互信合作计划项目研究成果

Abstract

How the United States pursues its decoupling policies towards China is an essential topic in studying U.S.‒China relations. Although the U.S. policy orientation towards China can be examined from several perspectives, this study uses a text-mining approach by extracting the China-related legislation in the 115th–117th Congress to observe the activities of the U.S. Congress regarding the affairs of China. Our analysis shows that Congress has seen a surge in China-related legislation since the introduction of decoupling policies. At the same time, it has not improved its negative view of China and maintained a competitive attitude in the economic, scientific and technological, and military fields after party rotation. It is worth noting that Congress under the Biden administration has placed greater emphasis on ideological competition, requiring allies who share common values to work together to counter the ‘Chinese threat’ in various areas. In this article, it is found that congressional legislation, as important political texts, conceal value judgements and institutional orientations that guide and constrain diplomatic practice. Political texts, ideology, and power are intertwined and shape the current U.S. congressional diplomatic strategy towards China.

论文下载链接及二维码

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41599-023-01894-6

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